![]() The adult fly also prefers shade and cooler temperatures and is often seen circling aimlessly under hanging objects in the poultry house, egg room and feed room. The little house fly chooses poultry manure over most other media for egg-laying. This fly prefers a less moist medium for breeding and reproduction than does the house fly. The little house fly, Fannia canicularis, is somewhat smaller than the house fl y, about 3⁄16 inch long. For example, the house fly is the intermediate host for the common tapeworm in chickens, and it has been implicated in the transmission of several viral and bacterial pathogens of people and animals. This fly is the most important species because it can carry and spread human and poultry disease agents and leave fly specks on eggs. Adult house flies prefer sunlight and are very active, crawling over fi lth, people and food products. For this reason, house flies are more likely to be a problem around poultry houses where sanitation is poor. They breed in moist, decaying plant material, including refuse, spilled grains and spilled feed and in all kinds of manure. House flies, Musca domestica, are about 1⁄2 inch long. Both of these fly species can move up to 20 miles from the site of development, but they normally fly no more than a mile or two from the initial source. About 95 percent of problems involve the house fly. Probably the most common flies are the house fly and the little house fly. Several kinds of flies are common in and around caged layer houses in Texas. To achieve an acceptable level of fl y control, a dedicated effort is necessary. Populations of manure-breeding flies may cause a public health nuisance, resulting in poor community relations and threats of litigation. As more people move to rural areas, poultry producers face increasing pressures to reduce fly populations. The shift from many small farm flocks to fewer large poultry operations has greatly increased fl y problems by creating concentrated breeding areas and large amounts of waste that are costly to be removed often. But by implementing integrated pest control measures, producers can minimize the damage from these pests.įor specifi c suggestions on products to consider for suppression of these pests, see Tables 1 and 2 (page 14) by downloading the full PDF. Poultry operations can be infested by flies, mites, lice, bed bugs, fl eas, beetles, red imported fi re ants, chiggers and gnats. One of the largest management problems facing poultry producers is pest control. Department of Agriculture ranked Texas sixth in the nation in broiler production and seventh in egg production. ![]() The poultry industry contributes about $1.6 billion each year to the Texas economy, including the production of more than 627 million broilers and about 4.7 billion table eggs in 2005.
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